I would put up a shelter belt of tree and shrubs before trying anything else. Wind is worse for plants than frost.

Depends how much planting space there is, but most climbers (other than, possibly, Ivy) won't tolerate those conditions, so a row of freestanding shrubs which will cope is probably best, as Botanic suggests. Candidates include Caragana, Berberis varieties, Ilex (holly) varieties, Prunus laurocerasus.

Caragana? Can you tell us more, I had to look it up as I've never heard of it in the UK.

Caragana, rarely seen, tough shrub, pretty yellow pea type flowers, likes full sun and well drained soil, so not so good in waterlogged, heavy soil. Very wind resistant.