The Life of a Monarch Butterfly
By bathgate
48 comments
Let’s take a moment to consider the fascinating life of the Monarch Butterfly.
It starts off life as an egg on the underside of a milkweed leaf – the size of a pinhead. 4 days later, the baby caterpillar emerges.
It’s born with a voracious appetite. It’s own egg becomes it’s first meal.
The Monarch will only eat plants of the Asclepias family. It’s also known as milkweed which has a milky latex sap. Ingesting the milky sap is vital to the Monarch’s defense against predators.
Asclepias is a family of beautiful and fragrant plants that should be included in every garden along the Monarch’s migration path to Mexico. Some notable varieties include:
Common Milkweed
Swamp Milkweed
Asclepias Tuberosa
Hello Yellow
The caterpillar will keep munching on milkweed for about 2 weeks and will molt 4 times (4 instar stages) before reaching about 2 inches long.
When the caterpillar has had enough to eat, he finds a secure location and forms a “J” hook, signaling his next phase of life; the Chrysalis.
What happens inside the cocoon is an absolute mystery. Those yellow specs are air holes. After 2 weeks, the chrysalis becomes transparent when the Monarch butterfly is about to emerge.
Off To Mexico
One of the biggest mysteries of the world is the Monarch’s 4th generation migration to Mexico. From Canada and coast to coast, every Monarch butterfly instinctively migrates thousands of miles south to join up with it’s fellow Monarchs in Mexico.
The Monarchs hibernate in the oyamel fir trees until Spring when they’ll begin their journey back to the States to begin the life cycle over again.
- 11 Feb, 2017
- 14 likes
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Next post: Asclepias Tuberosa: The Magnificant Plant
Comments
Yes it does. It's hard to comprehend. How they all get the urge to fly to Mexico at once.
12 Feb, 2017
They are extraordinary creatures. Great blog Paul, and (I know I've mentioned it before) there's a terrific book by Barbara Kingsolver called "Flight Behaviour" which is all about the migration of the Monarchs.
12 Feb, 2017
Fascinating blog, think we only get escapees from butterfly farms in the Uk. Those caterpillars look somewhat like our Mullein Moth caterpillars.
12 Feb, 2017
Thanks for your comments. I will certainly check out Barbara's book Sheila. Yes they are amazing creatures.
12 Feb, 2017
Recently, the numbers overwintering in Mexico have been fluctuating greatly. Seems like the cause of this situation can't be identified. Have you come across anything Bath?
12 Feb, 2017
The numbers are on the rebound. Also, not ALL Monarchs travel to Mexico. Hibernating populations have been discovered at various points along the Gulf of Mexico and along the California coast. Also, there are huge populations in South America & now in Portugal & Spain.
I feel this is good news for the Monarch Butterfly and we will be enjoying these magnificent creatures for generations to come. They key is preserving their habitat, planting milkweed. I've been starting little milkweed stands in the public parks to let them naturalize where they once were. Milkweed is a huge benefit to the environment & many other creatures as well. If you'd like to order some seeds, here is a link
http://www.everwilde.com/store/Asclepias-syriaca-WildFlower-Seed.html
12 Feb, 2017
Thank You Bath
12 Feb, 2017
This is a wonderful blog. I have always loved butterflies for their tranformational life cycles. I remember being astounded when I read that nobody knows how the caterpillar transforms in the chrysalis. I think we would assume that the change is gradual growth...but no. Apparently they disintegrate into a 'chemical soup' before they become the fly. Its absolutely incredible. The more you think about it, the more miraculous it is! :) when I was a counsellor I made a therapeutic tool using the butterfly as an metaphor for mental health. Sometimes a person who is very disturbed has to 'disintegrate' or 'break down' before they can regenerate in to a much finer, more beautiful and free-living human being. But it is always worth the pain of the effort of going through the hard work of therapy. :)
12 Feb, 2017
Thats a lovely illustration Karen.
12 Feb, 2017
There is so much wisdom in what you say Karen. I think it's a perfect analogy. I couldn't begin to explain how a caterpillar is transformed. Can we all take a lesson from this? It's almost like a rebirth.
13 Feb, 2017
A fascinating subject Paul nature is truly amazing , lovely photos and very well documented , thank you a brilliant Blog ...
13 Feb, 2017
Thank you Bathgate. Yes, I think it is a 'rebirth'.
13 Feb, 2017
Our butterflies are similarly adventurous Paul. They fly here from central Africa, or over from Belgium. Thousands of miles and no Satellite Navigation by human beings who cant read a map !
13 Feb, 2017
Thanks Amy, I'm glad you like it...the result of being snowed in all day. Karen - You've made good use of this metaphor for those less fortunate. Diane - would love to see some of your specimens.
13 Feb, 2017
Good for you, Paul, to spread the Asclepias. I managed to grow a few from seed last year, but they were poor specimens . . . didn't like our garden for some reason :((
13 Feb, 2017
Oh, I'm sorry about that Sheila. They are rather finicky plants to get started. I only got two plants from an entire packet of seeds - germination not so great. They didn't do much for the first couple of years. The third year they really took off producing masses of flowers & seed pods. They don't transplant well either. However, once established, they are care free, brilliant colors, long blooming, fragrant, excellent cut flowers. They will transplant during the first two years, before the tap root is developed. A good plan might be to plant seeds in peat pots - around 50 starts. A handful may survive the 3rd year. Then just let them self-sow. You can move them when they are small.
13 Feb, 2017
That's amazing Paul - you're obviously an Asclepia expert. Thanks for the useful information, but unfortunately I gave away the remainder of the seeds . . . bought in New Zealand, so I assumed that was maybe I wasn't successful. I'm having to stop myself from buying seeds this year because we'll be moving house - maybe some other time?!
14 Feb, 2017
It's funny when i see it growing in empty lots and road sides, yet i can't grow it on my garden-go figure.
14 Feb, 2017
Mmm . . . frustratingly, plants seem to know where they want to grow . . .
14 Feb, 2017
What a fascinating, informative blog. Thank you Paul.
14 Feb, 2017
LOL thanks Julia. These are fascinating creatures. I have a small patch of milkweed in my garden just for them and the caterpillars are so cute! They only stay on their own plants and won't touch anything else.
I love to see them fluttering in my yard all summer. The blog has been in head for the longest time, getting snowed in gave me a change to finally get it done. I'm glad you like it. Thanks.
14 Feb, 2017
I used to see them almost every year in Pacific Grove just south of Monterey (when I lived in the San Francisco Bay Area). There's many spots here in Southern California...I've never seen them here, though. :>(
15 Feb, 2017
Asclepias curassavica or Tropical Milkweed used to be such a problems in my yard! It took me a very long time to get rid of this plant. It spread all over the neighborhood by the millions of seeds. Yikes!
15 Feb, 2017
Well being a Northeast boy, I'm not real familiar with California. I know it's somewhere out there, but so is Mars, lol. I've been to Yosemite Park for a camping trip. It was awesome! I'm long overdue for another trip to CA.
One Monarch sanctuary in California is Ellwood Main Monarch Grove in Goleta. Another one is 85 miles north at Pismo State Beach.
You may have better luck growing Asclepias Californica which is a California native species with purple flowers, or Asclepias Mexicana.
15 Feb, 2017
It must have taken you a long time to put it together, but worth the effort.
15 Feb, 2017
Oh?
15 Feb, 2017
The blog.
15 Feb, 2017
oh thank you.
15 Feb, 2017
Bathgate:
Here's a guide to Monarch butterflies in California. A few are only about a ten minute drive from my house. I'm going to check them out.
I actually loved the Tropical Milkweed. It just got too weedy. I knew the butterflies and hummingbirds loved them! Most Asclepias in San Diego become very weedy because they produce a tremendous amount of seed. They grow and flower all year here, also.
Here's the Monarch Butterfly guide for California:
http://www.monarchprogram.org/where-to-see-overwintering-monarchs/
15 Feb, 2017
LOL I wanna go with you, sounds like fun. You can actually order Monarch eggs and caterpillars online. Put them on the tropical milkweed or feed it to them in your house. In just one month, they will grow up and transform into beautiful butterflies you can release. They will come back and lay eggs in the tropical milkweed, keeping it under control. It's fun & exciting to see them grow and releasing them into the world.
http://butterflybushes.com/butterfly_rearing_kits.htm
Thanks for the link. I'm glad to see so many. They were so close to extinction
15 Feb, 2017
Come to San Diego, we can go together. :>))
I've actually seen butterfly eggs on the leaves of tropical milkweed.
16 Feb, 2017
Thank you! Maybe I will. My job is keeping hostage, lol, but if I can get some time off...?? That's great about the eggs.
16 Feb, 2017
It's funny how your job can keep you hostage, right? lol!
16 Feb, 2017
Yes, I'm seriously thinking of a career change, but not exactly sure to what though. I feel like it's time for a change, lol. Maybe that's why I did this blog. The caterpiller is me. Does this make sense?
16 Feb, 2017
It makes sense, Paul. You want wings so that you can fly anywhere?!
16 Feb, 2017
LOL yes
16 Feb, 2017
Yes, it makes a lot of sense. I can completely relate. :>)
17 Feb, 2017
:)
17 Feb, 2017
Fascinating blog thankyou Paul....
17 Feb, 2017
Thank you Lin, I'm so glad you enjoyed it. I did too.
17 Feb, 2017
Hello Bathgate
What a lovely blog. It is very colourful and interesting.
It has inspired me to use one of your photos to paint the beautiful Monarch butterfly. I hope that you don't mind.
Would you like to see it ?
Marjorie
18 Feb, 2017
That's wonderful Marjorie! I would love to see the finished work. Thank you for your comment.
19 Feb, 2017
Absolutely fantastic blog Bathgate. Brilliant read! Stunning photos. Thankyou. ?
15 Mar, 2017
Thank you for reading it. Aren't they amazing? How do they all decided to fly to Mexico simultaneously? They actually make it there too - some from Canada.
16 Mar, 2017
Yes they definetly are amazing there's no two ways about that! Nature is a truely wonderful thing! ?
I tried to use one of the photos you posted on the blog for my what's app profile picture. ( the one with the blue sky in the back ground where they are all in flight), I love it! But unfortunately it didn't come out too clear on my phone when I screen shot it. Never mind ?
16 Mar, 2017
wonderful blog and beautiful picks
Thank you
14 Sep, 2017
You're welcome. Thank you :)
14 Sep, 2017
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Fantastic photographs. Not seen the caterpillars before - aren't they jazzy! Butterfly migration is a great mystery - even more remarkable than bird migration. Research seems to suggest its done by relation to the earth's magnetic field - blows your mind doesn't it?
11 Feb, 2017